GRAPHIC  SERIES 

T*repared  by 

WORLD  OUTLOOK 

for  the 

CENTENARY  COMMISSION  OF  THE  BOARD 
OF  FOREIGN  MISSIONS  OF  THE  METHODIST 
EPISCOPAL  CHURCH 

111  Fifth  Avenue  New  York  City 

The  Graphic  Series  embraces  books  on  the  following  countries 

NORTH  AFRICA 
CHINA  • lAPAN  • KOREA 
CENTRAL  AFRICA 
MEXICO  • MALAYSIA 
PHILIPPINES 
SOUTH  AMERICA 
INDIA 

Copyright,  1918,  by  W orld  Outlook 


HIS  BOOK  is  not  for  church- 
men as  such.  It  is  for  every 
man  and  woman  who  knows 
that  in  the  gigantic  struggle 
overseas  we  are  dedicating  our  blood 
and  our  treasure  to  one  proposition 
and  one  only  — 

That  if  democracy  is  to  be  safe  for 
us  here  at  home,  it  must  he  made 
safe  the  whole  world  over. 

The  conflict  for  world  democracy  is  being 
won  on  fields  much  vaster  though  less  famed 
than  those  of  Flanders-  and  with  weapons  more 
telling  than  the  giant  guns  of  Picardy. 

This  book  portrays  the  battle-front  which 
has  been  flung  across  the  republics  of  South 
America  in  this  non-military  but  world-wide 
struggle  for  a truer  democracy. 

This  book  shows  what  we  have  put  into  the 
struggle  there  so  far  — and  what  further  answer 
we  must  give  to  the  wistful  appeal  which  looks 
out  to  us  over  South-American  mountain  ranges 
from  the  eyes  of  the  great  “Christ  of  the  Andes.” 


South  America  G 


Food  will  win  the  war.”  Posters  dinned  that  into  us  for  months. 
If,  in  generations  past,  we  had  cultivated  South  America’s  acquain- 
tance more  diligently,  and  taught  South  America  how  to  till  her 
fields  more  intelligently, — well,  we  wouldn’t  have  to  be  eating  our 
crusts  now. 

For  South  America  is  a potential  food-factory  that  could  supply  more 
people  than  are  in  the  war.  With  proper  development,  her  fertile  plains 
would  teem  with  wheat  and  meat  enough  to  defy  all  the  submarines  and 
all  the  wastage  in  the  world. 

Argentina  alone  has  more  cattle  than  any  other  nation  except  India  and  the  United 
States.  She  raises  more  sheep  than  any  country  except  Australia.  She  leads  the  world 
in  the  sale  of  chilled  meats.  And  Argentina  is  only  one  morsel  of  the  juicy  plum  that 
is  South  America. 

The  cattle  of  the  Continent  are  mostly  grass-fed,  on  the  succulent  alfalfa  which 
grv)ws  to  luscious  perfection  on  the  black  soil  of  the  prairies. 

Great  as  is  the  mineral  wealth  of  the  Continent,  the  wealth  of  forest  and  field  is 
greater. 

The  table-lands  of  Brazil  are  an  agricultural  area  of  which  only  a small  part  is 
cultivated.  And  Brazil  produces  almost  all  the  coffee  the  United  States  drinks. 

Peru’s  levels,  irrigated  by  the  melting  snows  from  the  Andes,  grow  the  finest 
cotton  known. 

Argentina  is  near  the  top  of  the  list  of  grain-producing  countries. 

All  these  superlatives  are  even  more  impressive  when  we  realize  that  South 
America  is  only  on  the  threshold  of  her  development.  Her  people,  most  of  them,  do 
not  know  how  to  take  the  next  step.  They  haven’t  learned  intensive  cultivation  and 
the  modern  short  cuts  which  increase  production  a hundredfold.  The  Christian 
missionary  is  the  logical  person  to  show  the  South-American  how  to  work. 

Not  so  very  long,  ago  when  South  America  first  asked  to  be  shown,  there  was 
trickery  and  “salesmanship”  that  American  business  is  finding  very  hard  to  live 
down.  The  confidence  cf  the  South-American  was  shattered.  The  Christian  mis- 
sionary is  making  a new  start.  He  will  restore  our  neighbors’  faith  in  us,  in  our 
manufactured  products,  in  our  methods,  and  will  inspire  a faith  in  our  God. 


1 Feed  the  World 


Mixed 

Races 


Indian 


Who  Is 

The  mixed  races  are  the 
bulk  of  the  nations.  They 
inherit  the  brains,  energy  and 
sterling  character  of  Europe.  But 
they  may  inherit  also  the  weak- 
nesses and  vices  of  the  degraded 
Indian — together  with  the  failings 
peculiar  to  race  mixtures. 


South  America  ? 

10,  THE  POOR  INDIAN!  An  apathetic  beast  of  burden — timid, 
cringing,  downtrodden.  He  is  almost  a slave,  works  for  a slave’s 
wages — something  to  eat,  a place  to  sleep,  and,  too  often,  a jug  of 
liquor,  murderous  in  its  effects,  but  also  merciful  in  the  brief  forgetful- 
ness it  brings  of  work  and  trouble. 


South  America  is  30%  white.  This  class  of  people  has  great  influ- 
ence in  South-American  progress.  Included  among  them  are  many  of 
the  “intellectuales”  who  are  the  cultured  leaders  of  the  nations. 

The  tide  of  immigration  pours  new  vigor  into  the  social,  commercial, 
and  political  stream  of  South-American  life.  The  republics  which  receive 
most  of  the  foreign  influx  are  the  most  advanced. 

In  the  city  of  Buenos  Aires  and  its  environs  are  nearly  half  a million 
Italians.  Spanish  immigration  is  almost  as  large  as  Italian.  In  Southern 
Brazil  is  a group  of  300,000  Germans  who  are  an  important  factor  in  the 
life  of  that  section. 

German,  French,  Spanish,  English,  Portuguese, 
Italian — all  are  quick  to  see  the  undeveloped  wealth 
of  South  America.  The  immigrant  is  more  ener- 
getic than  the  native,  and  quickly  grasps  the  com- 
mercial and  industrial  opportunities  the  continent 
lavishly  offers.  Too  often  there  follows  unscru- 
pulous exploitation  and  selfish  enterprise  which 
take  no  thought  of  “brotherly  love”  for  the  native 
South-American.  As  a class,  the  Europeans  who 
are  elbowing  into  South  America  are  not  bringing 
their  religion  with  them. 


Theise  Peopl 


e are 


Sick 


IIMxA.,  PERU,  has  an  infant  mortality  of  236  per  thou- 
sand children  under  one  year  of  ag-e.  Valparaiso’s 
^ figures  are  333. 

Forty-three  per  cent  of  the  children  of  Valdivia  die.  For 
Concepcion,  the  percentage  is  forty-six. 

In  Chile,  80%  of  the  children  die  before  they  are  five 
years  old.  In  Bogota,  Colombia,  80%  die  under  two  years. 

What  are  the  causes?  An  unguarded  milk  supply.  A 
moral  condition  that  countenances  the  illegitimacy  of 
enormous  numbers  of  children.  awful  prevalence  of 

venereal  diseases.  Epidemics  of  yellow  fever,  cholera,  and 
smallpox  have  taken  frightful  toll  in  human  lives. 


The  poor  physical  development  of  many  of  the 
people  is  due  to  causes  which  differ  in  the  various 
classes.  Race  crossing,  drink,  and  early  vices  con- 
tribute to  the  constitutional  weakness  of  the  population. 
Ignorance  of  hygiene  makes  their  already  susceptible  bodies 
easy  prey  to  a deadly  germ. 

Local  authorities  are  beginning  to  give  this  matter  of  public  health  some 
attention.  Municipalities  and  occasionally  the  Roman  Catholic  Church 
have  free  milk  stations,  clinics,  and  hospitals.  In  Rio  de  Janeiro,  one  dispen- 
sary attached  to  an  institutional  church  is  maintained  by  the  Methodist 
Episcopal  Church  South. 

In  the  length  and  breadth  of  the  vast  continent,  there  is  but  one  real  evan- 
gelical hospital  to  minister  to  the  suffering  millions. 


KiiliiilSIfili 

liiliiiiiliiSsi 

■liiiiaiW 


South  America 

in  Health  ? 


More  Schools  likeThes 


Methodist  episcopal  schools  in  South  America  serve  to 
break  down  an  artificial  caste  distinction.  For,  in  schools,  the 
• sons  of  wealthy  officials  and  of  callous- fisted  laboring  men 
mingle  to  their  mutual  advantage.  Sons  of  deputies  become  “good  mixers ” 
and  get  to  appreciate  the  hampered  people.  The  sons  of  the  wealthy  learn 
to  use  their  hands.  The  Indian  learns  how  to  earn  a decent  living  to  lift 
himself  out  of  peonage. 


The  American  Institute  at  La  Paz  aims  to  give  its  students  train- 
ing for  life.  Bolivia  is  essentially  a mining  country,  and  so  the  chem- 
istry courses  teach  assaying  of  ores,  and  the  geology  classes  study 
mineral  deposits. 


“We  need  religious  ethics  in  Chilean  life.”  So  says  a young  Chilean 
deputy.  Religious  ethics  cannot  be  grafted  upon  an  adult  life  nearly  as 
easily  as  they  can  be  inculcated  in  a plastic  young  one.  That  is  the  task 
of  Methodist  Episcopal  schools—to  teach  religious  ethics  that  will  fit  in  a 
workaday  South-American  life. 


MeanMcae  Upright  Citizens 


A COMMERCIAL  depart- 
ment graduates  students 
^ who  soon  jump  to  posi- 
tions of  high  salaries  — and  of 

confidence.  Besides  being  trained  in  the  problems  of  industry  and 
commerce,  these  boys  are  affected  by  the  wholesome  influence  of  a 
Christian  faculty.  The  graduates  are  worthy  of  trust. 

Why  are  there  not  many  large  commercial  schools  all  over  South 
America?  They  could  do  much  for  the  republics. 


CHEAP  “HELP”  and  the  stigma  attached  to  manual  work  cause 
slothful  and  incompetent  methods  among  large  classes  of  women 
in  South  America. 

Mothers,  themselves  ignorant  of  household  economics,  cannot  instruct 
their  daughters.  The  housekeeper  in  many  homes  is  a doddering  Indian 
crone  who  never  heard  of  hygiene  or  cleanliness. 

The  power  of  the  Roman  Church  lies  in  her  hold  upon  ignorant 
women,  a grip  that  too  often  strangles  progress.  Opposed  to  this  is  the 
growing  influence  of  the  Woman’s  College  at  Santiago.  Here  Chile’s 
daughters  are  taught  to  keep  house,  to  do  practical  things,  to  think,  to  be 
truthful.  Eathers  favor  this  school  of  ours  “because  of  the  superior  train- 
ing and  moral  influence  their  daughters  receive.” 


^Vln  the  N ation 


The  graduates  are  fine,  competent  home-makers.  Their  exam- 
ple is  helping  to  raise  the  standard  of  housekeeping  in  all  classes 
of  society.  The  Santiago  College  needs  to  expand.  At  present,  about 
three  hundred  students  are  enrolled  in  the  School.  Three  hundred  girls 
representing  the  most  influential  class  of  Chilean  society.  Three  hundred 
girls  who  will  be  the  heads  of  families  of  the  next  generation.  Three 
hundred  home-makers  to  demonstrate  the  superiority  of  our  sewing-machines 
over  the  embroidery-frame.  Three  hundred  husky  girls  to  proclaim  the 
joys  of  the  gymnasium  in  the  patio.  Three  hundred  women  propagandists 
of  our  New  Testament  standards  of  living.  If  the  proposed  new  building 
is  made  possible,  there  will  be  five  hundred. 

Why  should  Methodism  be  content  with  one  such  institution? 


South  Americ 


Young  south  America  is  “all  set,”  ready  to  go.  Rubbing 
shoulders  with  the  democratic  peoples  of  foreign  lands,  contact 
with  the  better  class  of  visiting  commercial  men,  the  steadfast  work 
of  Protestant  missionaries  — all  these  influences  have  caused  a great 
awakening  among  the  better  educated  and  traveled  South-Americans. 
Many  of  them  are  daily  admitting  the  failure  of  their  social  structure 
and  civilization. 

There  are  thousands  of  young  people  seething  with  the  desire  to 
serve  the  great  cause  of  humanity,  to  spread  the  truths  of  Christianity. 
But  they  don’t  know  how.  Their  eagerness  is  like  a reservoir  of  energy, 
dammed  in  restless  inactivity  by  the  lack  of  opportunity. 

It  lies  in  the  power  of  our  Church  to  open  the  flood-gates  and 
direct  this  stream  of  youthful  enthusiasm  to  do  the  great  work  of  the 
next  generation. 

Training  Schools  are  the  best  means  of  harnessing  this  power  to  the 
machinery  of  the  nations,  of  progress,  of  Christianity. 


is  Tomorrow 


j 

“I 


In  the  beautiful  Roman  churches,  every  detail  of  structure  is  exquisite  in  design 
and  color.  A worshipper  is  uplifted  by  the  sheer  loveliness  of  the  place. 


IN  THE  SOUL  of  the  South- 
American,  cramped  and  starved  as 
it  is,  there  lives  a love  of  beauty,  a 
hunger  for  things  of  grace  and 
light  and  color.  That  hunger  is  satis- 
fied by  the  sight  of  the  slender  spires, 
the  lacy  wood-carving,  the  beautiful 
ceremony  and  paraphernalia  that  char- 
acterize the  Roman  Catholic  Church. 

In  the  cathedral,  the  morning  sunlight 
filters  through  gorgeous  stained  glass,  through 
a blue  haze  of  fragrant  incense,  and  lights  up 
the  image  on  the  altar.  The  air  vibrates  with 
peals  of  music.  The  tide  of  emotion  which 
wells  up  in’  response  to  this  appeal  to  the  senses 
is  mistaken  for  religious  fervor.  And,  for  a 
time  at  least,  the  man  is  uplifted. 

In  a bare,  shabby  frame  building  our  mis- 
sionary can  offer  nothing  to  satisfy  the  Latin 
craving  for  beauty.  Until  our  gospel  has  a 
setting  that  is  at  least  dignified  and  worthy, 
its  message  will  not  vitally  affect  the  cultured 
South-American. 


In  the  Methodist  buildings,  bare  and  austere,  the  religious  ardor  of  the  people 
must  combat  an  atmosphere  that  is  bleak  and  gray,  not  warm  and  colorful. 


Turn  T 


Boy 


A LAST  LINGERING  LOOK.  A disgusted,  disillusioned  look. 

A clear-eyed,  seeing  look  that  penetrates  beneath  the  beautiful 
exterior  into  the  decay  which  lies  beneath. 

^ Young  South  America  is  not  satisfied  with  Roman  Catholicism. 

The  young  men  and  the  strong  men  realize  that  their  Church  is 
empty,  lacking  in  moral  strength  and  spiritual  leadership. 

One  writer  says  that  the  women  and  wearers  of  ponchos  are  for  the  Church, 
but  the  young  men  are  against  it. 

Free-thinking,  scepticism,  agnosticism,  and  atheism  are  rife  among  the  rising  genera- 
tion. In  Colombia,  nine  out  of  ten  of  the  intellectuals  are  agnostics.  A great  many 
of  the  Government  students  of  Bolivia  and  Peru  are  hostile  to  the  Romish  Church. 

A college  professor  admits  that  not  five  per  cent  of  Government  college  students  have 
any  religious  beliefs.  Even  the  influences  of  the  Roman  preparatory  schools  do  not 
last  well  into  the  university. 


When  this  boy  decides  to  ABOUT  FACE, 
we  want  him  to  turn  our  way — to  a new  life 
which  will  be  adequate  to  the  new  day. 


e 


OUR  Wky 


What  Have^^^  Done  for 
South  America  in  Religion? 

We  have  made  a good  start; 

having  started,  we  must  finish. 

WE  HAVE  137  missionary  and  foreign  workers  in 
the  field,  who  have  called  to  their  standards  239 
native  preachers  and  workers. 

On  the  East  Coast,  several  churches  have  demonstrated 
the  possibility  of  self-support. 

But  well  begun,  in  this  case,  is  not  half  done.  A report 
of  1916  states  that  in  all  South  America  there  are  only 
320  ordained  foreign  missionaries.  And  South  America’s 
population  is  estimated  at  seventy  millions. 

In  North  America,  in  the  evangelical  churches,  we  have 
a clergyman  for  every  622  people.  In  South  America, 
there  is  an  ordained  Protestant  minister  for  every  156,250 
people.  Even  if  the  figures  were  brought  up  to  date, 
there  would  be  no  great  change  in  the  ratios. 

The  itinerant  preacher  on  his  sleepy  burro  is  typical  of 
our  programme  for  South  America  in  the  past.  The 
burro  is  strong,  dependable;  he  has  done  some  fine  work 
which  only  he  could  do.  But  he  is  not  big  enough  nor 
fast  enough  to  accomplish  all  that  is  to  be  done. 


What  Does  Soutt 


S' 


HE  has  great  cities.  She  has  vast  agricultural 
and  mineral  wealth.  She  has  eager  and  re- 
sourceful leadership. 


She  needs  sympathetic  cooperation  in  the  develop- 
ment of  her  intellectual  life. 


She  needs  the  reviving  force  of  real  religion. 


IN  SOME  PART  she  needs  much  in  the  way  of 
sanitation  and  medical  relief. 

She  needs  those  broad  foundations  in  the  home 
and  in  the  school  and  in  the  church  upon  which 
democracy  may  safely  rest. 


erica  Need? 


What^bur  Monc^^ll 

IF  YOU  could  take  a young  boy  from  the  surroundings  of  a club-room 
where  gambling  and  cynical  philosophy  and  unflattering  talk  about 
women  are  the  sources  of  amusement, — if  you  could  let  him  experiment 
in  a chemistry  laboratory  and  get  all  wrought  up  over  football, — wouldn’t 
it  be  as  good  as  taking  a step  back  to  your  own  boyhood  days? 

If  you  came  upon  a man  your  own  age — a man  whose  constitution  had 
been  so  undermined  by  early  vices  and  bad  habits  that  even  when  he  was 
well  he  had  none  of  that  “joy  of  living”  feeling — a man  who  had  found 
that  business  success  brought  no  happiness — a man  who,  in  looking  at  the 
down-hill  side  of  life,  saw  only  that  which  aroused  fear — if  you  could  give 
him  a Message  that  would  bring  him  spiritual  peace, — don’t  you  think  it 
would  bring  you  a glow  of  satisfaction? 


Do  for  These  People 

IF  YOU  could  take  a little  baby, — an  “unwanted”  baby,  who  was  dying 
of  disease  and  malnutrition,  and  take  him  to  a hospital  where  the  sheets 
and  the  milk  and  the  atmosphere  were  clean  and  sweet,  where  he 
would  be  cared  for  by  a woman  who  wants  him  because  he  is  God’s— if 
you  could  do  that,— wouldn’t  you  feel  a certain  pleasure  in  doing  it  ? 

If  you  could  send  a young  girl  to  school, — a young  girl  who,  for  lack  of 
normal  interests  and  exercise,  is  developing  an  abnormal  sex  interest,  a 
young  girl  whom  crafty  priests  may  be  influencing  toward  unmorality, — if 
you  could  send  her  to  a school  where  she  would  learn  to  play  basket-ball 
and  play  fair,  where  she  would  have  a chance  to  retain  her  sweetness  and 
freshness  as  your  daughter  does, — wouldn’t  it  give  you  a feeling  of  real, 
honest  pride? 


Pledge  l&ur  Support-Today 

There  is  a generation  of  kiddies  in  South  America  looking  to 
North  America,  confident  that  our  ideal  of  a world  “safe  for 
democracy”  will  include  them. 

In  their  lives,  democratic  institutions  don’t  mean  big  abstractions. 

They  mean  a public  interest  in  pure  milk,  a law  to  make  irresponsible 
fathers  share  in  the  maintenance  of  their  children,  a chance  to  learn  to 
read,  the  prospect  of  a decent  job. 

Ambassadors  and  commissions  are  apt  to  miss  little  details  of  democracy 
like  these.  But  such  little  details  are  the  job  of  the  Church. 

Across  the  sea,  on  a battle-line  flung  from  the  Channel  to  the  Holy 
Land,  millions  in  money  and  in  lives  are  being  spent  to  rid  the  Earth 
of  the  Thing  which  burns  little  thatched  homes,  batters  down  cathedrals 
hallowed  by  generations  of  worshippers,  fires  upon  the  symbol  of  the 
Red  Cross  and  flourishes  aloft  a bayonet  on  which  is  impaled  a baby. 

The  men  and  money  will  not  have  been  expended  in  vain,  because 
this  generation,  when  it  has  conquered  that  Thing,  will  know  that  it 
leaves  the  world  a better  place  for  youngsters  to  come  into  and  grow  up  in. 

This  conquest  is  not  a War.  It  is  a World  Movement.  The  Cen- 
tenary Campaign  of  our  Church  is  an  integral  part  of  that  movement, 
because  its  purpose  is  the  same.  We  are  enlisting  men  and  money  in 
the  Crusade  to  make  the  world  a better  place  to  live  in. 

In  South  America  the  work  takes  the  form  of  an  effort  to  abolish  the 
Conditions  which  permit  many  of  a city’s  babies  to  be  without  a name, 

— Conditions  which  permit  80%  of  a city’s  babies  to  die  before  they  are 
two  years  old, — Conditions  which  permit  a labor  system  of  peons  that  is 
as  truly  a feudalism  as  anything  Europe  ever  had  in  the  Middle  Ages, 
Conditions  which  permit  one  group  of  people  to  burn  the  Book  that  is 
sacred  to  another  group. 

That’s  our  Campaign  ! 


T LIES  in  your 
power  to  write 
on  the  blank 
pages  of  a little 
child’s  life  the 
promise  of  a heal- 
thy start,  a clean 
home  atmosphere, 
the  prospect  of  a decent  job,  the  hope  of  sal- 
vation. When  you  look  around  at  your  kid- 
dies and  your  neighbors’  kiddies,  who  have 
health  and  names  and  homes  and  decent 
things  as  a matter  of  course,  the  thankful- 
ness to  God  which  wells  up  and 
makes  the  lump  in  your  throat 
should  not  be  repressed  as  un- 
manly; it  should  be  allowed  to 
express  itself  in  doing  things 
for  other  less  fortunate  little 
tads  in  South  America. 


I Want  $ 5.500,000 


Here’s  How 


More  publishing 
houses  to  eireulate 
clean,  moral,  relig- 
ious and  efficiency 
literature,  to  build 
up  the  morals  of 


the  growing  boys 


Build  two  hundred  elemen- 
tary schools  to  teach  trades 
and  sanitation,  hygiene,  and 
the  Gospel.  Children  would  liter- 
ally flock  to  such  schools. 

Strengthen  the  existing  high 
schools  and  double  their  number 
at  once. 

Establish  hospitals  where  pa- 
tients may  receive  the  kindly  at- 
tention of  Christian  physicians  and 
nurses  and  where  a “fiend  of  a 
Protestant”  will  not  be  permitted 
to  die  because  of  neglect  received 
at  the  hands  of  a bigoted  hospital 
staff  in  a Romish  institution. 

Train  in  our  theological  and 
Bible  schools  an  adequate  number 
of  zealous  national  leaders  to  shape 


for  South  America 


11  Spend  It 

for  South  America  the  constructive 
programme  she  needs. 

Prepare  deaconesses,  visiting  nur- 
ses, Bible  women  and  teachers  to  go 
among  the  sick  and  poverty-stricken 
peons  and  show  them  how  to  live. 

The  future  “League  of  Nations” 
will  need  someone  who  will  repre- 
sent one  nation  to  another  more 
honestly  than  a mere  trader,  more 
intimately  than  a consul.  The 
Christian  church  stands  for  the 
spirit  of  love  that 
will  interpret  the 
Pan-American 
union  in  the 
terms  of  the 
brotherhood  of 


Reinforce  the 
present  missionary 
staff  and  provide 
groups  of  confer- 
ence evangelists  to 
occupy  new  terri- 


men. 


Bank  of  ]V[g 


tropolis 


TO  THE  ORDER 


’Methodist  board 


Here  is  wnat  you  write 


ere  is  w 


nat  you  do 


Bank,  of 
"A  Sound  Body,  M^nd 


PRESIDENT  WILSON  sajys: 

“T  THINK  it  would  be  a real  misfor- 
X tune,  a misfortune  of  everlasting- 
consequence,  if  the  missionary  pro- 
gram for  the  world  should  be  inter- 
rupted. There  are  many  calls  for 
money,  but  that  the  work  undertaken 
should  be  continued  at  its  full  force 
seems  to  me  of  capital  necessity.” 


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